This group of organs, vessels, and tissues work together to maintain a healthy balance of fluids throughout the body, and fight off infection. This is called lymphedema. Although lymphedema cannot be cured, it can often be managed effectively with physical therapy. The lymphatic system is a circulatory system that drains fluid called lymph from tissues and returns it back to the blood. It is a vital part of the immune system, helping to fight off disease. The lymphatic system also works to transport nutrients, hormones, and waste, and maintain blood pressure.
It is comprised of lymph vessels, organs, and tissues that help monitor lymph for germs, abnormal cells, and other unwanted substances, and remove them.
Lymphedema is tissue swelling that occurs when too much protein-rich fluid that is usually drained by the lymphatic system accumulates in a part of the body. Although lymphedema in the legs and arms is most common, it can also develop in the abdomen, chest wall, neck, and genitals. Some people are born with lymphedema, or it can occur due to damage to the lymphatic system damage, often after surgery or infection. Trauma to the body from sports injuries, or deep cuts or bruises can also harm the organs and tissues of the lymphatic system.
Lymph nodes are small clusters of immune system cells that filter lymph and fight infections by destroying invaders like bacteria and cancer cells. We have lymph nodes in our neck, back, armpits, chest, stomach, and groin. In individuals with cancer, tumors growing near lymph nodes or lymph vessels can interrupt the flow of lymph. Lymphedema can also occur if the lymph nodes are removed during surgery, often for cancer treatment.
Risk factors for lymphedema include advanced age, excess weight, and some forms of arthritis. Swelling in the affected extremity is the most common and obvious sign of lymphedema. When lymphedema occurs in the arms or legs, the fingers or toes are usually affected as well. Lymphedema symptoms vary from person to person.
