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Conceived and designed the experiments: EC EW. Performed the experiments: EW. Analyzed the data: EC EW. Wrote the paper: EC EW. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
Regression analyses assess independent relationships between fertility desires and socio-demographic factors. Analyses of in-depth interviews are used to interpret the statistical analyses of fertility desires. Our analyses show that fertility desires are complex and ambivalent, reflecting tensions between familial and societal pressures to have children versus pressures for HIV re- infection prevention.
The health policy and service delivery implications of these findings are explored. In Kenya, it is estimated that seventy-three per cent of adults and children eligible for treatment have access to ART [2]. The changing nature of living with HIV on ART poses questions about the implications of this treatment, over and above increased well-being and reduced mortality and morbidity risks.
One study reported a significant negative association between ART use and fertility desires in Nigeria [8]. Unlike the general population, however, people who know they are HIV infected have additional issues to consider, including potential health risks for re infections, vertical transmission of HIV and potential orphaning of existing and future children [12].
